Exercise 1
The Geographic Grid and Earth-sun Relationships

1) Locate the following cities on the globe and give the approximate (±3°) latitude and longitude for each.

Latitude Longitude
Example: Manila, Philippines 15°N 121°E
Perth, Australia ________ ________
Nairobi, Kenya ________ ________
Cairo, Egypt ________ ________
Warsaw, Poland ________ ________
Atlanta, GA ________ ________
Bogota, Columbia ________ ________
Rio de Janeiro, Brazil ________ ________
Anchorage, Alaska ________ ________
Vladivostok, SE Russia ________ ________
Karachi, Pakistan ________ ________

2) Write the name of the city at the following locations:

Latitude Longitude
_________________________ 25°N 47°E
_________________________ 60°N 11°E
_________________________ 34°S 18°E
_________________________ 17°S 68°W
_________________________ 20°N 158°W

Important lines of Lat/Long:

Important Terms:
Latitude of vertical sun: (LVS) The latitude at which the sun is directly overhead (90 degree angle) at noon. This latitude ranges from 23.5°N to 23.5°S
Angle of Incidence: (AI) The angle at which the noon sun strikes the earth. This angle changes depending upon latitude.
Important Dates:
Summer Solstice, June 21 - 23. On this day, the latitude of vertical sun is 23.5°N. It is the longest day of the year in the northern hemisphere. The northern hemisphere is tilted toward the sun.
Winter Solstice: December 21 - 23. On this day, the latitude of vertical sun is 23.5°S. It is the shortest day of the year in the northern hemisphere. The northern hemisphere is tilted away from the sun.
Autumnal Equinox: September 21 - 23. On this day, the latitude of vertical sun is the equator. Everywhere on the globe experiences 12 hours of daylight and 12 hours of night. The earth's axis is tilted neither to or away from the sun.

4) On each diagrams below (please do not forget to note the dates):

• Draw the locations of the equator, Earth's axis, Tropic of Cancer, Tropic of Capricorn, Arctic Circle, Antarctic Circle, and the circle of illumination (lightly shade the portion of the earth that would be in shadow (night)).
• Write the correct term associated with each date.
• Label the latitude (in degrees) at which the rays of the sun strike the earth at 90° (LVS) for each date.

5) A practical Application:
Your rich uncle 4x removed just died and left you a huge emerald. However, there is a catch. You must travel to the Inn of a Thousand Stars on December 22 to pick it up. The only other information that you have is a list of five cities and the knowledge that the Inn lies in the city experiencing the most direct sun on this date. To which city do you travel to pick up your inheritance?

______ Freetown, Sierra Leone (8°N, 12°W)
______ Baghdad, Iraq (34°N, 42°E)
______ Sao Paulo, Brazil (23°S, 50°W)
______ Quito, Ecuador (Equator, 79°W)
______ Cape Town, South Africa (35°S, 18°E)

6) From how many different starting points on the globe would it be possible to travel 100 miles north, then 100 miles east (or west), then 100 miles south, and be exactly at the starting point? The southern hemisphere is simple, but can you solve this problem fully for the northern hemisphere? Briefly explain your answer.

Use the two circles below to draw your solution to the problem for each hemisphere. The dots in the middle represent the south and north poles.

Explanation:

worth 2 points. Due thursday, 8 July. In my Mailbox - across the little hallway from 119a Lind Hall.